A rebel group in Congo generates approximately $300,000 per month from its control of a mining area in the eastern part of the country, according to a U.N. official.
The M23 group, which is allegedly linked to Rwanda, seized the Rubaya mining area in April. This location is rich in tantalum, a critical mineral used in smartphone and computer production, contributing over 15% of the global supply. Bintou Keita, head of the U.N. mission in Congo, addressed the Security Council on Monday, stating, “Unless international sanctions are imposed on those profiting from this criminal trade, peace will remain elusive and civilians will continue to suffer.”
Earlier this year, Congo’s government raised concerns about “blood minerals” in a letter to Apple, highlighting the challenges in their supply chain.
The ongoing conflict in eastern Congo has led to one of the world’s worst humanitarian crises, with over 120 armed groups vying for control of land and resources. Many have been accused of severe human rights abuses, resulting in the displacement of around 6 million people.
M23, or the March 23 Movement, is composed mainly of ethnic Tutsis and broke away from the Congolese army over a decade ago. They previously captured the provincial capital of Goma in 2012 and are currently threatening the city again.
Congo has accused Rwanda of involvement in war crimes and of providing military support to M23, a claim Rwanda denies. However, Rwanda admitted in February to deploying troops and missile systems in eastern Congo for security reasons, citing a buildup of Congolese forces near its border.
U.N. experts estimate that between 3,000 and 4,000 Rwandan troops are now operating alongside M23 in eastern Congo. Recently, a regional court in East Africa began proceedings on Congo’s case against Rwanda, alleging violations of its sovereignty and territorial integrity.