China has pledged to bolster its ambitious Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) in Africa, promising high-quality cooperation ahead of a major summit with African leaders.
The continent has been a key focus for China’s infrastructure investment, with Chinese companies signing contracts worth over $700 billion between 2013 and 2023.
Despite significant investments, the BRI has faced criticism for saddling countries with debt and funding environmentally harmful projects. Critics have raised concerns about the transparency and sustainability of these projects.
As China continues to expand its BRI in Africa, the continent faces a delicate balancing act between the economic benefits of infrastructure development and the potential risks associated with debt, environmental impact, and geopolitical competition.
Several high-profile BRI projects have been implemented across Africa, including:
- Kenya’s Standard Gauge Railway: This railway, connecting Nairobi and Mombasa, has reduced travel times but has also been plagued by debt, corruption, and environmental concerns.
- Port Facilities in Djibouti: China has established a naval base and invested in port infrastructure in Djibouti, raising concerns about strategic interests and competition with other global powers.
- Africa’s Longest Suspension Bridge: Located in Mozambique, this bridge has improved connectivity but has been criticized for its high cost and potential for excessive interest rates.
- Minerals and Mining: China has invested heavily in mining operations across Africa, focusing on minerals essential for its high-tech and green industries. However, regional conflicts and environmental concerns have posed challenges.
- Coal and Clean Energy: While China has funded coal-fired power plants in Africa, it has also shifted towards renewable energy projects to address environmental concerns and meet global climate goals.