BRICS enlargement

African leaders at the ongoing BRICS summit in Russia highlighted key international issues on Wednesday. Originally consisting of Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa, the coalition has expanded to include Iran, Egypt, Ethiopia, the United Arab Emirates, and Saudi Arabia. Turkey, Azerbaijan, and Malaysia have applied for membership, with many other nations also expressing interest. Egyptian President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi noted that the current international system’s shortcomings extend beyond political and security concerns to economic and development challenges. He emphasized the “escalation of the debt problem and the lack of necessary funding” as barriers to rapid economic growth for developing countries. He stressed Cairo’s commitment to raising awareness about its role in fostering development. South African President Cyril Ramaphosa called for reform of the World Trade Organization, advocating for updated trade rules to facilitate industrialization. He urged BRICS members to enhance cooperation by launching joint development programs in exports, industrial collaboration, and technology exchange. Ramaphosa also expressed concern over the ongoing crisis in Gaza and the Middle East, demanding an immediate ceasefire and recognition of Palestinian self-determination. Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed suggested reforms for the UN Security Council, asserting that developing nations must have their voices heard in global governance. “This is not just about representation; it’s about justice, equity, and allowing all nations to contribute,” he stated. The three-day summit marks the largest gathering of world leaders in Russia in decades, occurring as the West seeks to isolate Moscow over its actions in Ukraine.