The delayed start of the Gaza ceasefire on Sunday, coupled with Monday’s clashes where Israeli troops shot at Palestinians approaching their positions, highlights the potential obstacles that may arise during the implementation of a fragile peace agreement, shaped by deep-seated mistrust and animosity.
Qatar and Egypt, which brokered the ceasefire alongside the U.S., have set up a communications hub to address any arising issues. The hub aims to prevent further clashes between the long-time adversaries locked in a cycle of conflict.
“Such agreements are always challenging to maintain,” said Majed Al-Ansari, spokesperson for Qatar’s foreign ministry. “In war zones, situations can change rapidly, sometimes unintentionally or through political maneuvering, leading to violations.”
The ceasefire’s initiation was delayed by over an hour on Sunday, when Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu announced that Israel would not observe the truce until Hamas provided the names of three hostages to be released later. Fighting continued for nearly three hours beyond the agreed start time, while Hamas officials in Cairo attributed the delay to “technical issues.” Ultimately, the hostages were released, along with 90 Palestinian prisoners, igniting emotional reunions.
One official involved in the negotiations expressed cautious optimism, saying that such delays were not expected to derail the agreement entirely. “After months of hard work and assurances, it’s hard to imagine the deal falling apart on day one,” the official noted.
The ceasefire is part of a multi-phase deal aimed at securing a six-week halt to hostilities, during which 33 hostages will be exchanged for hundreds of Palestinian prisoners, displaced Gaza residents will return home, and Israeli forces will retreat from certain positions.
However, significant challenges remain. Given the low trust between the two sides, accidental or intentional confrontations during troop withdrawals, disagreements over the status of hostages, and other obstacles are expected. Hamas has yet to disclose how many hostages are alive, though a list of the remaining 30 hostages due for release is expected by Saturday.
The Israeli military is already grappling with tensions, as troops fired on Palestinians approaching them during the withdrawal process. To mitigate such incidents, the military plans to issue maps and guidelines to clarify no-go zones as Israeli forces pull back.
The deal faces significant opposition within Israel, with critics arguing that it strengthens Hamas’ control over Gaza and neglects hostages not part of the initial phase. The resignation of hardliner Itamar Ben-Gvir as Israel’s National Security Minister reflects growing dissent within the Israeli government.
Despite these challenges, mediators remain hopeful that continued hostages and prisoner exchanges will build momentum for peace. “The images of hostages reuniting with their families are powerful and can change public opinion,” Al-Ansari said. “Such moments apply pressure on leaders to sustain the deal.”