Gambia, the smallest country on mainland Africa, boasts a land area of just over 11,000 square kilometers (about 4,000 square miles). Despite its modest size, Gambia’s geography is remarkably distinct, with the country being almost entirely enveloped by its larger neighbor, Senegal. The only exception to this is its western coastline, which stretches along the Atlantic Ocean.
This small nation, carved out along the Gambia River, stands as a narrow strip of land that extends roughly 480 kilometers (300 miles) inland from the Atlantic coast, rarely more than 48 kilometers (30 miles) wide. The Gambia River, which plays a vital role in the country’s economy and daily life, bisects the country and is one of its most prominent features.
Gambia’s unique position, surrounded on three sides by Senegal, has shaped its history, culture, and economy. The country gained independence from British colonial rule in 1965, and today, its coastline on the Atlantic is a hub for tourism, attracting visitors to its vibrant beaches and diverse wildlife.
While small in size, Gambia’s strategic location and natural beauty make it a key player in West African affairs, with its peaceful environment standing in contrast to the broader geopolitical complexities of the region. Despite challenges, Gambia remains a resilient nation with a rich cultural heritage and a strong sense of identity.