West Africa

Torrential rains across Central and West Africa have caused devastating floods, with Maiduguri, the capital of Nigeria’s Borno state—already struggling with an ongoing insurgency—bearing the brunt of the disaster. This year alone, the floods have claimed over 1,000 lives and displaced hundreds of thousands in countries like Chad, Nigeria, Mali, and Niger. The United Nations reports that more than four million people have been affected in West Africa, a dramatic increase from last year. As rescue operations continue, the exact death toll remains uncertain, but preliminary figures indicate at least 230 deaths in Nigeria, 265 in Niger, 487 in Chad, and 55 in Mali, which has seen its worst flooding since the 1960s. Despite contributing only a small fraction of global greenhouse gas emissions, Africa is highly vulnerable to extreme weather, with adaptation costs projected to reach $30-50 billion annually over the next decade. Maiduguri is in crisis, as the region has faced a relentless wave of attacks from Boko Haram, resulting in over 35,000 deaths in the past decade. Local resident Saleh Bukar recalled being awakened by neighbors’ urgent cries for help as floodwaters surged. Many older adults and those with disabilities were unable to escape in time, leading to tragic losses. With over 600,000 people displaced in Borno state alone, the local government struggles to cope. Recent floods have devastated wildlife, destroyed vital infrastructure, and caused significant structural damage, including the collapse of key bridges and a dam that released vast amounts of water into the city. Governor Babagana Zulum has called for urgent international aid, emphasizing that local resources are overwhelmed. The World Food Program is providing food assistance, but many survivors report feeling abandoned. In Niger, floods have affected over 841,000 people, with single mother Harira Adamou lamenting the loss of her home and the absence of state support. She and her children are now living in a temporary shelter, fearing more rains. As Maiduguri remains partially submerged, forecasts suggest further rain, prompting warnings of additional flooding. Bukar, displaced and living in a shelter with thousands, has taken it upon himself to help others while grappling with his own loss. “I am volunteering to help, but I am also a victim,” he said, highlighting the resilience of the community amid profound suffering.